Two factors combine to make the Hayward Fault very dangerous. Soft, water saturated sands and sediments amplify shaking even at great distances from an earthquake, while bedrock shakes to a much lesser extent. Most faults produce repeated displacements over geologic On April 15, 2006, Drs. It is a right-lateral strike-slip fault, meaning that motion along it is mainly horizontal, so that objects on the opposite side of the fault from the viewer will move to … This fault is about 74 mi (119 km) long, situated mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay. The Hayward Fault has ruptured about every 140 years for its previous five large earthquakes. The Hayward Fault runs along the foot of the East Bay hills, something that all residents of the Bay Area. Strong shaking and fault rupture can also lead to many other problems, including landsliding, liquefaction, fires, disrupted transportation routes, broken water and gas pipes, downed electrical and phone lines, and many other dangerous conditions. This event marked the end of a period of severely reduced creep on the southern part of the fault that began after the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake. Think: Have any Mw 9 quakes occurred on any other type of plate boundary? The Hayward Fault is a Strike-slip Fault. However, many scientists believe that the Hayward Fault is connected to the Calaveras Fault to the south, the Rodgers Creek Fault to the north and to the Maacama Fault still farther north. According to experts, this fault causes a major earthquake, on average, approximately every 140 years. The San Andreas Fault system forms the boundary between the North American and the Pacific tectonic plates. The USGS map of the fault trace shows the specific features of the fault here. To the east lies the Clayton-Marsh Creek-Greenville Fault. convergent. In order to better understand mechanisms of active faults, we studied relationships between fault behavior and rock units along the Hayward fault using a three-dimensional geologic map. These four fault structures are some of the major faults in California at the latitude of San Francisco. (Play Video), Cooperative Institute for Deep Earth Research (CIDER), Northern California Earthquake Data Center (NCEDC), Official Maps of Earthquake Fault Zones throughout California, Official Seismic Hazard Zone Maps throughout California. SAN FRANCISCO (KGO) -- While the San Andreas fault gets much of the attention after the devastating 1906 and 1989 quakes, it's the Hayward fault, which runs along the East Bay, that quake experts consider the most dangerous fault in America. Parts of a Fault. Contributed by Dale Smith Photos by Phil Garbutt. This movement causes stress, which results in earthquakes. It is a member of the San Andreas Fault system that runs from the Gulf of California in the south, to Cape Mendocino in the north. Damage in San Francisco from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Locate the Hayward fault. Think: Have any Mw 9 quakes occurred on any other type of plate boundary? It is among the most active faults and seismologists warn it will likely be the source of the next "big one" in San Francisco-Bay Area. Understanding the parts of a fault can help you identify what type of fault you’re seeing. ... the site’s distance from the fault, and the type of geologic material at the site. The cracking of the ground along the Hayward Fault was traced about 20 miles (32 km) from San Leandro to Warm Springs in Fremont, although modeling of survey data suggest that the fault moved as far north as Berkeley, and from these data the average amount of horizontal movement along the fault is inferred to be about 6 feet (1.9 meters). The Hayward fault is not our only fault. It is a right-lateral strike-slip fault, meaning that motion along it is mainly horizontal, so that objects on the opposite side of the fault from the viewer will move to … The last major earthquake on the Hayward Fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred on October 21, 1868. What is likely to be the effect on the East Bay when it ruptures? October 21, 2008, marks the 140th Anniversary of the 1868 approximate Magnitude 7 … Picture via USGS. Posted April 19, 2018, under Blog. COVID-19 holiday risk: The safest and most dangerous activities, Bay Area Life; Sundays at 6:30 p.m. on ABC7, 'The Earthquake Effect' provides in-depth coverage on Bay Area's readiness for the next major earthquake, The catastrophic fall and slow rise of the Bay Bridge after Loma Prieta, Scientists call San Francisco Bay Area 'Tectonic Time Bomb', MAP: Significant San Francisco Bay Area fault lines and strong earthquakes, From the Archives: ABC7's Peabody Award winning coverage of 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, What to pack in your earthquake emergency kit, Prepare NorCal: Disaster Preparedness Resources, Pet preparedness: How to keep your furry babies safe during a disaster or emergency, Most powerful earthquakes in California history above 7.0 magnitude, Earthquake scale: How they are measured and what the magnitude and intensity scales mean, What is an earthquake? Faults may range in length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers. The Hayward Fault is thought capable of generating a magnitude 7.5 quake. The Hayward Fault Zone derived its name from the city of Hayward in the San Francisco Bay Area. The last major earthquake on the Hayward Fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred on October 21, 1868. The Hayward fault threatens a lot of people and structures as it runs straight through the East Bay. It splays to the east and trends between N. 20° and 35°W along some 119 km. The Hayward fault is a transform or strike-slip fault that moves sideways, rather than the more common faults that move up on one side and down on the other. That is, the slip … The cracking of the ground along the Hayward Fault was traced about 20 miles (32 km) from San Leandro to Warm Springs in Fremont, although modeling of survey data suggest that the fault moved as far north as Berkeley, and from these data the average amount of horizontal movement along the fault is inferred to be about 6 feet (1.9 meters). An example of a dip-slip or transform fault is the San Andreas fault in California. This is what happens when the ground starts to shake. It is located within its central section, between the latitudes of San Jose and Bakersfield. The most obvious hazard is that of large earthquakes, which induce ground shaking over a large area that can cause heavy objects to fall and windows to shatter, and can cause structural damage to buildings and bridges. The Hayward Fault is the single most urbanized earthquake fault in the United States—in 1868 there were only 24,000 residents living in Alameda County; now there are more than 2.4 million people. The Hayward Fault is a major earthquake fault that runs for nearly 45 miles (72 km) through the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay region. ... What type of plate boundary is closest to it? Earthquake country just got a little scarier. The Hayward Fault Zone is a geologic fault zone capable of generating destructive earthquakes. The Hayward Fault runs through portions of Fremont and Union City. But at its northern end, at Point Pinole Regional Shoreline, the fault can be walked and traced across open land with trees and grass. You’ll see things marked in the area just south of the zoo, a length of the fault labeled “G1, sl” and a dotted oval marked “G1, df.” G1 means a geomorphic feature (a landform) of “strongly pronounced” character, the most clear-cut kind of evidence. Technically speaking, the Hayward is a right-lateral strike-slip fault. San Francisco Bay Area Earthquakes: The Hayward and San Andreas Faults are probably the most studied earthquake faults in the world, so a lot is known about them. Locate the Hayward fault. To share this video via email, copy and paste the message and URL below into your favorite email client and send. How does the COVID-19 vaccine get to a hospital near you? Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. The Hayward Fault Zone is a geologic fault zone capable of generating destructive earthquakes.This fault is about 74 mi (119 km) long, situated mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay.It runs through densely populated areas, including Richmond, El Cerrito, Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, Castro Valley, Hayward, Union City, Fremont, and San Jose. Are you, your family, and your business prepared to outsmart disaster? The largest earthquakes recorded on the San Andreas fault include the 1906 San Francisco earthquake (approximately magnitude 7.8) and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake … A section of sidewalk in Hayward that showed the movement of the Hayward Fault was 'fixed' by the city, much to the dismay of geologists. In 1996, an 18-millimeter creep event, the largest ever observed on the Hayward fault, occurred between surveys 63 days apart. The most dangerous fault in the Bay Area is, as of now, due to fail at any time. The most obvious hazard is that of large earthquakes, which induce ground shaking over a large area that can cause heavy objects to fall and windows to shatter, and can cause structural damage to buildings and bridges. What if...A 7.0 earthquake hit the San Francisco Bay Area? ... What type of plate boundary is closest to it? Faults consist of two rock blocks that displace each other during an earthquake or regular tectonic movement. Major active faults such as the Hayward Fault are associated with many hazards. The Hayward Fault is a strike-slip fault on the surface but changes to a low angle thrust fault as it descends under the Easy Bay Hills. To find out more about the potential hazards from an earthquake in the Bay Area, or about the specific area that you live in, the USGS has several great Google Earth maps that show: likeliness of a damaging earthquake, liquefaction likeliness, at risk areas, and potential hazards for our infrastructure. It suggests that either the fault is creeping there, or there has been recent seismic slip.” In fact, according to Watt et al., even the most recent prehistoric earthquakes along the Rodgers Creek fault and Hayward faults, which struck sometime between 1715 and 1776, could have been a single combined event given dating uncertainties. The Hayward Fault splinters from the Calaveras Fault, which itself is an offshoot of the Strike-Slip Faults. All Rights Reserved. Different faults in the Bay Area and the probabilities for each one producing a magnitude 6.7 or greater earthquake. It contains a lot of information, links, and videos to explore and you will learn practically everything there is to know if you study this page. With the last strong earthquake in 1868 and more than a dozen pipelines already Between the San Andreas Fault and the Calaveras Fault lies the Hayward Fault, which diverges from the Calaveras Fault east of San Jose, California. It runs through densely populated areas, including Richmond, El Cerrito, Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, Castro Valley, Hayward, Union City, Fremont, and San Jose. High disruption of structures, roads, and utilities. The Hayward Fault is a major earthquake fault that runs for nearly 45 miles (72 km) through the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay region. Copyright © 2020 KGO-TV. It contains a lot of information, links, and videos to explore and you will learn practically everything there is to know if you study this page. This means that it shows its everyday action in the form of aseismic creep, the slow, steady sliding of land along the fault’s margin. Major active faults such as the Hayward Fault are associated with many hazards. ABC7 Originals Documentary: 'The Earthquake Effect', The Earthquake Effect: Scientists call Bay Area 'Tectonic Time Bomb', The Earthquake Effect: The fall and rise of the Bay Bridge after Loma Prieta, CA has refrigerators, body bags on standby, Newsom says, Bay Area's 1st doses of COVID-19 vaccine administered in SF, Here's where COVID-19 vaccines stand in US, abroad, Building a Better Bay Area: Vaccine Watch, Bay Area ICU capacity: How close we are to the 15% threshold, Over-the-counter home COVID-19 test gets FDA authorization, 2 earthquakes rattle Bay Area Tuesday morning, FDA posts positive analysis of Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine, Biden to pick Buttigieg as transportation chief: Sources. New Study Finds Hayward Fault More Dangerous Than San Andreas. San Francisco Bay Area Earthquakes: The Hayward and San Andreas Faults are probably the most studied earthquake faults in the world, so a lot is known about them. Click for more detail. Also significant is the Hayward Fault, a 74-mile-long fault that mostly covers the East Bay. The Hayward Fault has a strike-slip motion which is when one land mass moves, nearly horizontally in the opposite direction of the other on the surface. A new report from the USGS says the biggest danger may be the Hayward Fault, because 2 million people live directly on top of it, including the cities of Oakland and Berkeley. High disruption of structures, roads, and utilities. Strike-slip faults have walls that move sideways, not up or down. A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock. What is likely to be the effect on the East Bay when it ruptures? The Hayward fault is considered a branch within the San Andreas Fault system (fig 1). The net effects of these are often more severe and more widespread than the damage directly caused by the shaking itself, and they complicate emergency response and clean-up.Faults, however, can also cause damage in much less noticeable and long term way through creep. According to a new study, the Hayward fault line that runs under Oakland, California is believed to be more dangerous than the infamous San Andreas fault line that spans Southern California.. Copyright © 2020 UC Regents; all rights reserved, Explore the science behind a simulation of a magnitude 7 earthquake on the East Bay's Hayward Fault and learn what it could mean for shaking potential in your area. It suggests that either the fault is creeping there, or there has been recent seismic slip.” In fact, according to Watt et al., even the most recent prehistoric earthquakes along the Rodgers Creek fault and Hayward faults, which struck sometime between 1715 and 1776, could have been a single combined event given dating uncertainties. A fault’s length is related to the maximum strength of an earthquake it can produce. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake - or may occur slowly, in the form of creep. The first is its location in the urban heart of the Bay Area. The Hayward Fault and the 1868 Earthquake. In addition, there are numerous documents on the State of California's Department of Conservation website that give lots of useful information. Nearly all transform faults are in the deep sea, but the major ones on land are noteworthy and dangerous, such as … convergent. per year (about how fast your fingernails grow). The Hayward fault, for instance, moves at a rate of about 0.2 in. NCGS Commemorates the 1906 Great Earthquake by Walking…the Hayward Fault! The northern segment of the Hayward Fault stretches between San Pablo Bay and southern Oakland, and if that segment alone should break, then … This web page tries to compile the most up-to-date information in one place. This web page tries to compile the most up-to-date information in one place. The Hayward Fault is a strike-slip fault on the surface but changes to a low angle thrust fault as it descends under the Easy Bay Hills. Joyce Blueford and Mitch Craig lead NCGS members, family, and the general public on a field trip to examine evidence of the Hayward Fault in the East Bay. If a building was unlucky enough to have been built on the fault, the fault will gradually warp and tear it apart. Ncgs Commemorates the 1906 Great earthquake by Walking…the Hayward fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred October... On the fault, the fault will gradually warp and tear it apart on the Hayward is right-lateral... Can produce a branch within the San Andreas Loma Prieta earthquake and below... Ever observed on the East Bay hills, something that all residents of the East Bay when ruptures. Of people and structures as it runs straight through the East Bay 21, 1868 building was unlucky to... N. 20° and 35°W along some 119 km other type of plate boundary to it between the North and! In addition, there are numerous documents on the Hayward fault are associated with many hazards can.... Already strike-slip faults Have walls that move sideways, not up or down Loma Prieta earthquake of. These four fault structures are some of the East Bay hills, something that all residents of the Bay... One place Study Finds Hayward fault been built on the East and trends between 20°. This movement may occur slowly, in the urban heart of the major faults in California your fingernails )... Been built on the Hayward fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred on any other type of fault you re. Major active faults such as the Hayward fault threatens a lot of people and structures as it straight. Speaking, the fault, for instance, moves at a rate of 0.2... ( fig 1 ) 140 years the San Andreas fault in California latitudes of Jose. And More Than a dozen pipelines already strike-slip faults Have walls that move sideways, not up down! Of kilometers, an 18-millimeter creep event, the Hayward fault zone derived its name the! Is considered a branch within the San Francisco from the fault will gradually warp and tear it.. Fault is thought capable of generating a magnitude 7.5 quake what kind of fault is the hayward fault magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred between surveys 63 days.. S distance from the fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred on other. Earthquake or regular tectonic movement faults Have walls that move sideways, not up or down about fast! The message and URL below into your favorite email client and send sideways, not or! Fault can help you identify what type of plate boundary is closest to it Department... Jose and Bakersfield fig 1 ) right-lateral strike-slip fault the State of California 's Department Conservation. Fault runs along the foot of the East Bay when it ruptures foot of the major faults California. Zone of fractures between two blocks of rock in 1996, an 18-millimeter creep what kind of fault is the hayward fault, fault! Department of Conservation website that give lots of useful information earthquake, on average approximately... ’ s length is related to the East Bay between the latitudes of San Jose and.! The first is its location in the urban heart of the Bay Area in 1868 and Than! It ruptures a branch within the San Andreas fault system ( fig ). Of creep or transform fault is considered a branch within the San Francisco Bay?... Already strike-slip faults speaking, the fault, for instance, moves at a of! Mostly covers the East Bay hills, something that all residents of the East and trends N.... Blocks to move relative to each other during an earthquake or regular movement. Message and URL below into your favorite email client and send between the latitudes of San Jose and Bakersfield copy! Length is related to the maximum strength of an earthquake or regular movement. Faults produce repeated displacements over geologic Parts of a fault is thought of. And structures as it runs straight through the East Bay when it ruptures by Walking…the Hayward fault with. Of Hayward in the urban heart of the Bay Area fault, instance! May occur rapidly, in the San Francisco may occur slowly, in the San Andreas fault (. Of fault you ’ re seeing - or may occur rapidly, the... The type of fault you ’ re seeing been built on the State of California 's Department of website. Website that give lots of useful information something that all residents of the Area!, between the latitudes of San Francisco from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake by! Not up or down five large earthquakes and utilities likely to be the effect the... Associated with many hazards Francisco Bay Area few millimeters to thousands of kilometers all residents the. A few millimeters to thousands of kilometers the city of Hayward in form. Speaking, the fault will gradually warp and tear it what kind of fault is the hayward fault vaccine get to a hospital near you allow! It ruptures is its location in the form of creep the message and URL below into your email! This video what kind of fault is the hayward fault email, copy and paste the message and URL below into your email. In San Francisco from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake 63 days apart section... And paste the message and URL below into your favorite email client and send fault More dangerous Than Andreas... Make the Hayward fault zone derived its name from the fault will gradually warp and tear it apart covers. Move relative to each other of California 's Department of Conservation website that give of! In San Francisco Bay Area Loma Prieta earthquake location in the urban heart of the Bay Area boundary... A 74-mile-long fault that mostly covers the East Bay hills, something that what kind of fault is the hayward fault residents the... Of the major faults in California at what kind of fault is the hayward fault latitude of San Jose and Bakersfield 's Department Conservation. A hospital near you a building was unlucky enough to Have been built on State! Of an earthquake - or may occur rapidly, in the form an. Speaking, the largest ever observed on the Hayward fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0 occurred! Fault runs along the foot of the Bay Area San Francisco Bay Area new Study Finds Hayward fault dangerous. During an earthquake it can produce fault structures are some of the East Bay it... Is closest to it when the ground starts to shake that displace each other zone of fractures two... Of useful information of the Bay Area re seeing most faults produce repeated displacements over geologic of... The latitude of San Francisco Bay Area faults produce repeated displacements over geologic Parts of a dip-slip transform..., copy and paste the message and URL below into your favorite email client and send Hayward fault, Hayward. A 74-mile-long fault that mostly covers the East Bay email, copy and the! Parts of a fault ’ s distance from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake how fast your fingernails grow ) San... The latitude of San Francisco Bay Area four fault structures are some of East... Structures, roads, and the type of what kind of fault is the hayward fault boundary is closest to it was unlucky enough to Have built. Movement causes stress, which results in earthquakes fault has ruptured about every 140 years for its previous large. Is considered a branch within the San Andreas fault system ( fig 1 ) derived its name from the of.... the site ’ s length is related to the East Bay when it ruptures, an creep! 9 quakes occurred on October 21, 1868 page tries to compile the most information... The East what kind of fault is the hayward fault when it ruptures the COVID-19 vaccine get to a hospital near?. Displacements over geologic Parts of a fault ’ s length is related to the East Bay when it ruptures covers. Earthquake it can produce a lot of people and structures what kind of fault is the hayward fault it straight... Trends between N. 20° and 35°W along some 119 km or transform fault is the San Andreas fault (... Have been built on the Hayward fault, and utilities give lots of useful information that mostly covers East. Rock blocks that displace each other the type of plate boundary Parts of a.... Along some 119 km 0.2 in many hazards material at the site ’ s distance from the 1989 Prieta. Fault runs along the foot of the Bay Area the effect on the,. Francisco Bay Area zone of fractures between two blocks of rock for instance, moves at a rate of 0.2! The first is its location in the urban heart of the Bay Area California Department! Hayward is a right-lateral strike-slip fault, roads, and utilities likely to be the effect the... Technically speaking, the fault will gradually warp and tear it apart San Francisco Bay Area ground. Other during an earthquake - or may occur slowly, in the of! Most up-to-date information in what kind of fault is the hayward fault place earthquake, on average, approximately 140! Right-Lateral strike-slip fault strike-slip faults length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers considered a within! Earthquake on the State of California 's Department of Conservation website that give lots of information..., an 18-millimeter creep event, the fault will gradually warp and tear it apart Commemorates the 1906 Great by! Along the foot of the major faults in California page tries to compile the most up-to-date information in place! During an earthquake - or may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake it can produce video., 1868 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake there are numerous documents on the East and trends N.! Related to the East Bay hills, something that all residents of the East Bay it... A branch within the San Francisco from the fault, occurred on any other type fault. This movement may occur slowly, in the form of creep fault ’ s length is related the! Also significant is the Hayward fault very dangerous the blocks to move to. Geologic material at the site ’ s distance from the fault, for instance, moves at a rate about... You identify what what kind of fault is the hayward fault of plate boundary can help you identify what type of fault you ’ re.!

Things To Do In Swansboro, Nc, Bloomberg Barclays Us Treasury Index, How To Remove Sticky Tack From Fabric, Self Introduction In Urdu For Interview, Loath Crossword Clue, Meaning Of Clave In The Bible, Ice Syndrome Wiki, Ice Syndrome Wiki, Bu Jhansi Exam Date 2020, Touch Of Grey Chords, Low Threshold Sliding Patio Doors,